The international community has committed to ethical and legal principles for human research by adopting various reports and declarations. For example, the World Medical Association\u2019s Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 states that the testing of new treatments must protect the health and interests of the people taking part in research. The Declaration of Helsinki became and remains the basis of many countries\u2019 legislation on biomedical research. Accordingly, clinical trials involving a small number of healthy volunteers and subsequent trials in patients are only permissible today if the associated risks have been minimized or can be excluded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This means that as much as possible has to be known about the safety and efficacy of a new API before it enters clinical trials in humans. To ensure this is the case, animal experiments are still prescribed in addition to methods that do not involve animals, such as cell and tissue cultures, computer simulations or what is known as organ-on-a-chip, which reduce or partially replace animal experiments. One of the aims of animal experiments is often to identify the harmful effects of a new API at an early stage. Ensuring the animals\u2019 well-being to the maximum extent possible is a priority in such cases. Alternative methods that do not involve animals, such as those mentioned above, are now commonplace in biomedical research. They are frequently used for biological systems that have already been extensively researched.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Same structures and physiological processes<\/strong> 2. Ethics and safety The international community has committed to ethical and legal principles for human research by adopting various reports and declarations. For example, the World Medical Association\u2019s Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 states that the testing of new treatments must protect the health and interests of the people taking part in research. The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1148,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/unterthema.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1112","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEthical principles applicable for human research<\/h2>\n \n
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The process of programmed cell death plays an important role in the development of various diseases, including cancer. In 2002, the process was even found to exist in nematodes, tiny organisms just a few millimeters in length.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"